Mark Andrews

Postdoctoral Scientist

Northeastern University Department of Electrical Engineering 409 Dana Research Center Boston, MA 02115 Lab: (617) 373-4874 Laboratory for Acoustics and Remote Sensing Email: andrews.mar@neu.edu Click here to view my dissertation

Research Interests

• Acoustic and electromagnetic wave propagation and scattering

• Ocean acoustics modeling and simulation of broadband wave propagation through stochastic environments

• Sonar imagery and multiple scattering effects imaged with the matched filter for randomly distributed scatterer groups including schools of fish.

• Ocean acoustics wide area sonar imagery in shallow water Continental shelf environments applied to imaging large fish shoals

Education and Academic Honors

• PhD in Electrical Engineering at Northeastern University received January 2010; Graduated Magna Cum Laude

• ONR Graduate Traineeship award in Ocean acoustics

• BSEE from SUNY Buffalo received in June 2001 with minor in Computer Science; Graduated Summa Cum Laude

• NASA space fellowship award winner for laser research (2000)

Journal Publications

• M. Andrews, T. Chen, and P. Ratilal, “Empirical dependence of acoustic transmission scintillation statistics on bandwidth, frequency and range in New Jersey continental shelf”, J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 125 111-124 (2009)

• M. Andrews, Z. Gong, and P. Ratilal, “High-resolution population density imaging of random scatterers with the matched filtered scattered field variance”, J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 126 1057-1068 (2009)

• N. Makris, P. Ratilal, S. Jagannathan, Z. Gong, M. Andrews, I. Bertsatos, O. R. Godo, R. W. Nero, J. M. Jech, “Critical Population Density Triggers Rapid Formation of Vast Oceanic Fish Shoals”, Science 323 1734-1737 (2009)

• Z. Gong, M. Andrews, S. Jagannathan, R. Patel, J. M. Jech, N. C. Makris, and P. Ratilal, “Low-frequency target strength and abundance of shoaling Atlantic herring (Clupea Harengus) in the Gulf of Maine during the Ocean Acoustic Waveguide Remote Sensing 2006 Experiment”, J. Acoust. Soc. Am., 127 104-123 (2010)

• S. Jagannathan, D. Symonds, I. Bertsatos, T. Chen, M. Andrews, N. Donabed, Z. Gong, H. Nia, A. Tan, L. Ngor, R. W. Nero, J. M. Jech, O. R. Godoe, P. Ratilal, and N. C. Makris, “Ocean Acoustic Waveguide Remote Sensing (OAWRS) of Marine Ecosystems”, Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser., 395 137-160 (2009)

• A. Galinde, N. Donabed, M. Andrews, S. Lee, N. Makris, and P. Ratilal, “Range-dependent waveguide scattering model calibrated for bottom reverberation in a continental shelf environment”, J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 123 1270-1281 (2008)

• P. Ratilal, M. Andrews, N. Donabed, A. Galinde, C. Rappaport, and D. Fenneman, “Performance of the Continuously Scanning Ultrasound Vibrometer for Sensing Displacements of Randomly Rough Vibrating Surfaces”, J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 121 863-878 (2007)

Conference Presentations

• M. Andrews, "Effects of multiple scattering and modal dispersion on population density imagery of Atlantic herring shoals with ocean acoustic waveguide remote sensing (OAWRS)", J. Acoust. Soc. Am. Invited Talk (San Antonio 2009)

• M. Andrews, Duong Tran, Hari Chauhan, and P. Ratilal, "Empirical dependence of acoustic transmission scintillation statistics on bandwidth, frequency, and range in the Gulf of Maine", J. Acoust. Soc. Am. (San Antonio 2009)

• M. Andrews and P. Ratilal, "Theoretical models for imaging distributed fish groups in an ocean waveguide with wide-area sonar including multiple scattering", J. Acoust. Soc. Am. (Portland 2009)

• M. Andrews, Z. Gong, D. Coccuzzo, and P. Ratilal, "High-resolution population density imaging of random scatterers through cross-spectral coherence in matched filter variance", J. Acoust. Soc. Am. (Paris 2008)

• D. Cocuzzo, Z. Gong, M. Andrews, I. Bertsatos, T. Chen, H. Pena, T. Weber, N. Makris, and P. Ratilal, "Depth-dependent resonant target strength analysis of a dense Atlantic Herring school from wide-area OAWRS and localized 3D morphology sensing", J. Acoust. Soc. Am. (Paris 2008)

• M. Andrews, Z. Gong, D. Cocuzzo, and P. Ratilal, "High-resolution population density imaging of random scatterers through cross-spectral coherence in matched filter variance", Progress in Electromagnetics Research Symposium (PIERS), (Cambridge 2008)

• P. Ratilal, M. Andrews, A. Galinde, and N. Makris, "Calibration of source level, expected transmitted power, and reverberation for long-range sonar in fluctuating range-dependent ocean waveguides", J. Acoust. Soc. Am. (Salt Lake City 2007)

• M. Andrews, T. Chen, S. Lee, N. Makris, and P. Ratilal, "Statistics of the Parseval sum, match filter, and instantaneous single-frequency transmissions in an ocean waveguide", J. Acoust. Soc. Am. (Honolulu 2006)

• A. Galinde, M. Andrews, N. Donabed, C. Rappaport, D. Fenneman, and P. Ratilal, "Performance of the scanning ultrasound vibrometer for sensing displacements of a randomly rough vibrating surface", J. Acoust. Soc. Am. (Providence 2006)

Work Experience

Northeastern University Research Assistant / Postdoctoral Scientist

June 2005 – Present

• Expertise in active underwater acoustic imaging systems that utilize a matched filter and array beamforming for high-resolution target localization
• Developed statistical models for predicting the long-range acoustic propagation through fluctuating ocean environments and the returns from distributed scatterer groups.
• Designed broadband waveforms and co-designed the ocean acoustic waveguide remote sensing (OAWRS) experiment (2006) in the Gulf of Maine in collaboration with National Marine Fisheries Services. The experiment, funded by the Sloan Foundation and Office of Naval Research, was a multi-institutional and multi-million dollar experiment with the objective of imaging Atlantic herring shoals during their annual spawning season and studying fish clutter in Navy underwater wide-area acoustic surveillance systems.
• Developed new software for at-sea source level calibration of a vertical source array, used to correct the OAWRS source level during the OAWRS 2006 experiment and the 2003 experiment funded by the Office of Naval research under the Geoclutter program conducted on the New Jersey strataform.
• Determined empirically the statistical dependence of broadband transmissions on range, frequency, and signal bandwidth, after propagation through a range-dependent ocean waveguide randomized by internal waves.
• Improved the current understanding of scintillating transmission statistics through the ocean by providing evidence that the statistics of short-duration broadband transmissions depends on the number of independent coherence cells across the signal spectrum.
• Developed a model to rapidly estimate the mean broadband transmission loss through a fluctuating ocean waveguide for detrending OAWRS wide area acoustic imagery
• Developed analytic and numerical models for the matched filtered scattered returns from randomly distributed groups to simulate both direct-path and long-range imaging systems in a fluctuating waveguide environment.
• Provided a fundamental explanation for how the incoherently scattered returns from random groups can be imaged with high-resolution in range by applying a matched filter.
• Applied the numerical model to determine the effects of multiple scattering, attenuation, and modal dispersion for population density imaging of distributed fish groups during the 2006 OAWRS experiment
• Implemented a full-field model to simulate the performance of an ultrasound vibrometer scanning over a randomly rough surface for acoustic land-mine confirmation sensing applications.

Northeastern University Microwave Circuits Laboratory (ECE U441) Teaching Assistant

September 2004 – May 2005

• Taught Students transmission line and basic antenna theory
• Guided students through laboratory experiments using network analyzer, spectrum analyzer, function generator, and quarter-wave monopole antennas.
• Designed new experiments to modernize microwave laboratory techniques and enhance the use of the network analyzer
• Graded Laboratory Reports, homeworks and maintained students' grades

Digital Optics Technologies

August 2001 – July 2004

• Extensive experience with Bragg gratings and volume holography
• Development of holographic beam combiner for fiber amplifiers and dense wave division multiplexing applications
• Constructed prototype five holographic beam combiner (HBC) of 980nm laser diodes for Erbium doped fiber amplifiers
• Experience writing technical proposals for Small Business Innovative Research (SBIR) program Department of Defense research funding